Segmenting the Global Layers of Malignant Meningioma: A Population-Based Study of Incidence, Risk Factors, and Temporal Trends.

in Brain and behavior by Junjie Huang, Lai Yim, Apurva Sawhney, Veeleah Lok, Lin Zhang, Xu Lin, Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno, Claire Chenwen Zhong, Wanghong Xu, Zhi-Jie Zheng, Mellissa Withers, Martin C S Wong

TLDR

  • The study mapped the global burden of malignant meningioma, a rare form of central nervous system cancer, and examined age-specific incidence and risk factors.
  • The findings show that chronic diseases and younger populations are associated with higher incidence rates, and that there are significant variations in incidence rates among countries.
  • The study emphasizes the need for further investigation and global coordination to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies.

Abstract

Malignant meningioma is a rare form of primary central nervous system cancer originating from the meninges membrane layers. Current data remain unmapped to cover trends for particular groups globally. This study examined the missing gap for its global burden, country-specific incidence, and risk factor trends, stratified by sex and age. Several databases were retrieved for temporal trend analysis and interpretation: Cancer incidence rates from five continents (CI5 Plus), global cancer observatory (GLOBOCAN), global burden of disease (GBD), and the world bank. association between malignant meningioma's and various factors was determined using linear regression. Meningioma incidence trends were estimated using the average annual percentage change (AAPC) with join point regression, including the shift in cancerous meningioma incidence based on corresponding specific variables. New malignant meningioma cases reported in 2020 were estimated to be 14,832 with aged-standardized rates (ASR) of 1.3 per million population. Considerable variations exist among nations for malignant meningioma's, with the highest ASR found in Latvia (6.9 per million population), compared to a 345-fold difference from the lowest ASR found in Fiji (0.02 per million population). Additionally, chronic disease presence such as smoking and hypertension was associated with higher malignant meningioma incidence. The analysis observed increasing rates of malignant meningioma in younger populations. Overall, this study contributes a global perspective on malignant meningioma incidence and emphasizes further investigation of specific groups that may have been overlooked. The increasing trend of malignant meningioma in younger populations warrants preventive, early diagnosis, and further research initiatives for evidence on risk management.

Overview

  • The study aimed to map the global burden of malignant meningioma, a rare form of primary central nervous system cancer, and examine age-specific incidence and risk factors.
  • Data from various databases were retrieved for temporal trend analysis, including Cancer Incidence Rates from five continents, Global Cancer Observatory, Global Burden of Disease, and The World Bank.
  • The study estimated 14,832 new cases of malignant meningioma in 2020 and observed considerable variations in incidence rates among countries, with the highest rate found in Latvia and the lowest in Fiji.

Comparative Analysis & Findings

  • The study found that chronic diseases such as smoking and hypertension were associated with higher incidence of malignant meningioma.
  • The analysis observed increasing rates of malignant meningioma in younger populations, highlighting the need for preventive measures and early diagnosis.
  • The study found a significant difference in incidence rates among countries, with Latvia having the highest rate and Fiji having the lowest.

Implications and Future Directions

  • The findings emphasize the need for further investigation into specific groups that may have been overlooked, particularly in low-incidence countries.
  • Future research initiatives should focus on evidence-based risk management and preventive strategies, particularly for younger populations.
  • The study highlights the importance of global coordination and data sharing to better understand the burden of malignant meningioma and develop effective prevention and treatment strategies.
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