Chlorogenic acid mitigates avian pathogenic Escherichia coli-induced intestinal barrier damage in broiler chickens via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects: CHLOROGENIC ACID AND BROILER CHICKENS.

in Poultry science by Leyi Wei, Xinghuo Liu, Zichao Tan, Bingying Zhang, Chao Wen, Zhigang Tang, Yanmin Zhou, Hao Zhang, Yueping Chen

TLDR

  • CGA reduced mortality and cecal Escherichia coli colonies in APEC-challenged broilers by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress, improving intestinal morphology, and restoring intestinal integrity.
  • The study's findings suggest that CGA may have applications in practical poultry production and human healthcare for the prevention and treatment of diseases characterized by intestinal damage and oxidative stress.

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on intestinal health in broilers challenged with avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). One hundred and eighty one-day-old male broiler chicks were divided into three groups with six replicates of ten chicks each for a 21-day trial. The birds in the control and APEC groups were fed a basal diet, while birds in the CGA-treated group received a basal diet supplemented with 1000 mg/kg of CGA. At 14 days, birds in the APEC and CGA groups were administered with an APEC suspension Compared with the APEC group, CGA incorporation decreased mortality and cecal Escherichia coli colonies in bacterially challenged broilers (P < 0.05). Additionally, CGA reduced the relative weight of the heart, liver, kidney, gizzard, proventriculus, and intestine, as well as serum triglyceride level and alanine aminotransferase activity in APEC-challenged broilers (P < 0.05). Supplementing CGA reduced the concentrations of interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and/or interleukin-6 in serum, duodenum, jejunum, and/or ileum in APEC-challenged broilers presumably through the inactivation of the toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88 pathway (P < 0.05). CGA administration reduced serum diamine oxidase activity and d-lactate and endotoxin concentrations, but increased the ratio between villus height and crypt depth in duodenum and jejunum of APEC-infected chickens, accompanied by the restored intestinal expression of tight junction proteins (claudin-1, claudin-2, occludin, and zonula occludens-1) and genes involved in apoptosis (B cell lymphoma-2 associated X protein, B cell lymphoma-2, and cysteine-requiring aspartate protease 9) (P < 0.05). Additionally, CGA increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities, and glutathione levels in serum and intestinal mucosa, but inhibited the accumulation of intestinal malondialdehyde in APEC-challenged broilers possibly via activating the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway (P < 0.05). The results suggested that CGA alleviated APEC-induced intestinal damage in broilers by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress. However, its potential application in practical poultry production is contingent upon both its efficacy and cost-effectiveness.

Overview

  • The study investigated the protective effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on intestinal health in broilers challenged with avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC).
  • The study used a 21-day trial with 181-day-old male broiler chicks divided into three groups: control, APEC, and CGA-treated groups.
  • The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of CGA on reducing mortality, clinical signs, and intestinal damage in APEC-challenged broilers.

Comparative Analysis & Findings

  • CGA incorporation decreased mortality and cecal Escherichia coli colonies in bacterially challenged broilers compared to the APEC group (P < 0.05).
  • CGA reduced the relative weight of various organs and serum triglyceride levels in APEC-challenged broilers, indicating a decrease in inflammation and oxidative stress.
  • CGA increased the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in duodenum and jejunum, indicating improved intestinal morphology, and restored intestinal expression of tight junction proteins and genes involved in apoptosis.

Implications and Future Directions

  • The study provides evidence that CGA can alleviate APEC-induced intestinal damage in broilers, with potential applications in practical poultry production.
  • Future studies should investigate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of CGA in reducing APEC infections and improving intestinal health in commercial poultry farms.
  • The study's findings suggest that CGA may also have applications in human healthcare, particularly in the prevention and treatment of diseases characterized by intestinal damage and oxidative stress.
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