SPP1 as a Prognostic and Immunotherapeutic Biomarker in Gliomas and Other Cancer Types: A Pan-Cancer Study.

in Journal of inflammation research by Kan Wang, Jinxin Wan, Ruipeng Zheng, Yifei Xiao, Fengjun Lv, Haitao Ge, Guang Yang, Yu Cheng

TLDR

  • The study highlights the potential of Secreted Phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) as a prognostic and immunotherapeutic biomarker in gliomas and other cancers.
  • High SPP1 expression is associated with poor outcomes and increased immune cell infiltration.
  • The findings suggest potential benefits of SPP1-targeted immunotherapy for improving patient outcomes.

Abstract

Gliomas, including glioblastoma (GBM), present significant treatment challenges due to their poor prognosis and complex tumor microenvironment. This study investigates the role of Secreted Phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) as a prognostic and immunotherapeutic biomarker in gliomas and other cancers through pan-cancer analysis. A comprehensive pan-cancer analysis was conducted using datasets from UCSC TCGA Pan-Cancer, TCGA-GBM, UALCAN, and single-cell sequencing data from GEO and TISCH. The correlation of SPP1 expression with overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), immune cell infiltration, and immune checkpoint markers was analyzed. Functional validation was performed via SPP1 knockdown in glioma cell lines to evaluate effects on proliferation, invasion, and immune interactions. SPP1 was found to be overexpressed in 27 tumor types, with high expression correlating with poor OS, PFS, and increased immune cell infiltration, particularly with CD8+ T cells and macrophages. Single-cell analysis indicated SPP1 enrichment in macrophages interacting with malignant GBM cells. Knockdown of SPP1 significantly inhibited glioma cell proliferation, invasion, and promoted apoptosis. The findings suggest that SPP1 is a promising target for immunotherapy, potentially improving outcomes for patients with gliomas and other cancers. Further research is warranted to explore SPP1-targeted therapies and their efficacy in clinical settings.

Overview

  • The study investigates the role of Secreted Phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) as a prognostic and immunotherapeutic biomarker in gliomas and other cancers.
  • The study uses pan-cancer analysis to examine SPP1 expression in multiple datasets and its correlation with overall survival, progression-free survival, immune cell infiltration, and immune checkpoint markers.
  • The study aims to identify the potential of SPP1 as a target for immunotherapy and to explore its efficacy in clinical settings.

Comparative Analysis & Findings

  • SPP1 was found to be overexpressed in 27 tumor types, with high expression correlating with poor overall survival and progression-free survival.
  • High SPP1 expression was associated with increased immune cell infiltration, particularly with CD8+ T cells and macrophages.
  • Single-cell analysis showed SPP1 enrichment in macrophages interacting with malignant GBM cells, suggesting a complex tumor microenvironment.

Implications and Future Directions

  • The findings suggest that SPP1 is a promising target for immunotherapy, potentially improving outcomes for patients with gliomas and other cancers.
  • Further research is needed to explore SPP1-targeted therapies and their efficacy in clinical settings.
  • The study's findings highlight the importance of understanding the complex tumor microenvironment and its role in glioma biology.
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