Abstract
Gliomas are the most ordinary primary virulent brain tumours and commonly used clinical treatments include tumour resection, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Although significant progress has been made in recent years in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients with high-grade gliomas, the prognosis for patients remains poor. Chemoresistance refers to the phenomenon of decreased sensitivity of tumour cells to drugs, resulting in reduced or ineffective drug efficacy, and is an important cause of failure of tumour chemotherapy. Exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicle, are secreted by cancer cells and various stromal cells in the tumour microenvironment (TME) and transfer their inclusions to cancer cells, increasing chemoresistance. Furthermore, depletion of exosomes reverses certain detrimental effects on tumour metabolism and restores sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. Here, we summarised the correlation between exosomes and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents in glioma patients, the mechanisms of action of exosomes involved in resistance and their clinical value. We aimed to afford new thoughts for research, clinical diagnosis and intervention in the mechanisms of chemoresistance in glioma patients.
Overview
- The study focuses on the correlation between exosomes and chemoresistance in glioma patients, with the hypothesis that exosomes play a role in decreased sensitivity to chemotherapy.
- The study used a review of existing literature to examine the mechanisms of action of exosomes in promoting chemoresistance and their potential clinical value.
- The primary objective of the study is to provide new insights into the mechanisms of chemoresistance in glioma patients and to identify potential targets for diagnosis and intervention.
Comparative Analysis & Findings
- Exosomes are secreted by cancer cells and stromal cells in the tumour microenvironment, and they transfer their contents to cancer cells, increasing chemoresistance.
- Depletion of exosomes reverses detrimental effects on tumour metabolism and restores sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents.
- The study highlights the importance of exosomes in promoting chemoresistance in glioma patients and suggests that targeting exosomes may be a potential strategy for improving treatment outcome.
Implications and Future Directions
- The study's findings have significant implications for the treatment of glioma patients, highlighting the need to develop new therapies that target exosomes and restore sensitivity to chemotherapy.
- Future research should focus on developing methods to reliably detect and target exosomes in glioma patients, as well as investigating the potential clinical value of exosome-based therapies.
- The study's findings also underscore the importance of understanding the tumour microenvironment and its role in promoting chemoresistance, and suggest that targeting the TME may be a promising approach for improving treatment outcome.