A Review of Non-Invasive Drug Delivery through Respiratory Routes.

in Pharmaceutics by Yong-Bo Zhang, Dong Xu, Lu Bai, Yan-Ming Zhou, Han Zhang, Yuan-Lu Cui

TLDR

  • Respiratory delivery is a way to deliver drugs directly to the lungs through the nose or mouth. This method has several advantages, such as being non-invasive and bypassing the body's natural barriers to reach the lungs. The study found that respiratory delivery is becoming more popular and is being used to treat various diseases, including central nervous system disorders, lung diseases, and systemic diseases. The study also looked at advanced preparations, such as nano drug delivery systems and chitosan-based biomaterials, that can be used for respiratory delivery. Future research should focus on developing more advanced preparations and exploring new applications of respiratory delivery in various diseases.

Abstract

With rapid and non-invasive characteristics, the respiratory route of administration has drawn significant attention compared with the limitations of conventional routes. Respiratory delivery can bypass the physiological barrier to achieve local and systemic disease treatment. A scientometric analysis and review were used to analyze how respiratory delivery can contribute to local and systemic therapy. The literature data obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database showed an increasing worldwide tendency toward respiratory delivery from 1998 to 2020. Keywords analysis suggested that nasal and pulmonary drug delivery are the leading research topics in respiratory delivery. Based on the results of scientometric analysis, the research hotspots mainly included therapy for central nervous systems (CNS) disorders (Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, depression, glioblastoma, and epilepsy), tracheal and bronchial or lung diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, acute lung injury or respiratory distress syndrome, lung cancer, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis), and systemic diseases (diabetes and COVID-19). The study of advanced preparations contained nano drug delivery systems of the respiratory route, drug delivery barriers investigation (blood-brain barrier, BBB), and chitosan-based biomaterials for respiratory delivery. These results provided researchers with future research directions related to respiratory delivery.

Overview

  • The study focuses on the potential of respiratory delivery for local and systemic therapy. The methodology involves a scientometric analysis of the Web of Science Core Collection database from 1998 to 2020. The study identifies nasal and pulmonary drug delivery as the leading research topics in respiratory delivery. Key research hotspots include therapy for CNS disorders, tracheal and bronchial or lung diseases, and systemic diseases. The study also explores advanced preparations, such as nano drug delivery systems, drug delivery barriers investigation, and chitosan-based biomaterials for respiratory delivery.

Comparative Analysis & Findings

  • The study shows an increasing worldwide tendency toward respiratory delivery from 1998 to 2020. The research hotspots identified in the study include therapy for CNS disorders, tracheal and bronchial or lung diseases, and systemic diseases. The study also highlights the potential of advanced preparations, such as nano drug delivery systems, drug delivery barriers investigation, and chitosan-based biomaterials for respiratory delivery.

Implications and Future Directions

  • The study's findings suggest that respiratory delivery has significant potential for local and systemic therapy. The study identifies several research hotspots, including therapy for CNS disorders, tracheal and bronchial or lung diseases, and systemic diseases. The study also highlights the potential of advanced preparations, such as nano drug delivery systems, drug delivery barriers investigation, and chitosan-based biomaterials for respiratory delivery. Future research should focus on developing more advanced preparations and exploring new applications of respiratory delivery in various diseases.