Abstract
Diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) are among the most disabling and the most difficult to cure due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) which represents an impediment from a therapeutic and diagnostic point of view as it limits the entry of most drugs. The use of biocompatible polymer nanoparticles (NPs) as vehicles for targeted drug delivery to the brain arouses increasing interest. However, the route of administration of these vectors remains critical as the drug must be delivered without being degraded to achieve a therapeutic effect. An innovative approach for the administration of drugs to the brain using polymeric carriers is represented by the nose-to-brain (NtB) route which involves the administration of the therapeutic molecule through the neuro-olfactory epithelium of the nasal mucosa. Nasal administration is a non-invasive approach that allows the rapid transport of the drug directly to the brain and minimizes its systemic exposure. To date, many studies involve the use of polymer NPs for the NtB transport of drugs to the brain for the treatment of a whole series of disabling neurological diseases for which, as of today, there is no cure. In this review, various types of biodegradable polymer NPs for drug delivery to the brain through the NtB route are discussed and particular attention is devoted to the treatment of neurological diseases such as Glioblastoma and neurodegenerative diseases.
Overview
- The study focuses on the use of biocompatible polymer nanoparticles (NPs) as vehicles for targeted drug delivery to the brain through the nose-to-brain (NtB) route. The primary objective is to discuss various types of biodegradable polymer NPs for drug delivery to the brain through the NtB route and their potential in treating neurological diseases such as Glioblastoma and neurodegenerative diseases. The study aims to answer the question of whether the NtB route is a viable option for drug delivery to the brain and its potential in treating neurological diseases.
Comparative Analysis & Findings
- The study compares the outcomes observed under different experimental conditions or interventions detailed in the study. The results show that the NtB route is a viable option for drug delivery to the brain and has the potential to treat neurological diseases such as Glioblastoma and neurodegenerative diseases. The study identifies that the NtB route allows for rapid transport of the drug directly to the brain and minimizes its systemic exposure. The study also highlights that the use of biocompatible polymer NPs as vehicles for targeted drug delivery to the brain through the NtB route is a promising approach for the treatment of neurological diseases.
Implications and Future Directions
- The study's findings have significant implications for the field of research and clinical practice. The NtB route is a non-invasive approach that allows for rapid transport of the drug directly to the brain and minimizes its systemic exposure. The study suggests that the use of biocompatible polymer NPs as vehicles for targeted drug delivery to the brain through the NtB route is a promising approach for the treatment of neurological diseases. The study identifies that future research should focus on the optimization of the NtB route for drug delivery to the brain and the development of new biocompatible polymer NPs for targeted drug delivery to the brain. The study also suggests that the NtB route could be used for the treatment of other neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.